1. Indawo yokhuphiswano kwishishini lokutya
Ngokwezibalo zelizwe kushishino lokutya, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nangona imveliso yokutya eTshayina ibonakalise umkhwa okhulayo, inani lamashishini kushishino lokutya eTshayina libonakalise umkhwa ophantsi ngokubanzi. Isizathu kukuba ishishini lokutya eTshayina litshintsha kancinci kancinci ukusuka kwicala elikhulu ukuya kwicala elinzima, kwaye amashishini amancinci aneteknoloji yemveliso embi kunye nomgangatho wemveliso, kunye nokwaziwa kakubi kophawu, ayatshintshwa kancinci kancinci. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yezizathu ezifana nabakhuphisana nabo kunye nohlengahlengiso lwemizi-mveliso, kunye nokunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi kunye nezinto eziluhlaza, inqanaba lenzuzo yamashishini okutya liyehla, kwaye amashishini amakhulu emveliso anokuqhubeka nokusebenza kuphela kukhuphiswano kushishino.
Kwelinye icala, amashishini amakhulu emveliso asebenzisa amathuba oqoqosho lwawo olukhulu kwaye athathe amathuba okudibanisa amashishini ukwandisa amandla awo emveliso ngokudibanisa okanye iziseko ezintsha zemveliso, ukuphucula ukugxila nokusebenza kakuhle kweshishini, kunye nokukhuthaza utshintsho oluhamba kancinci kancinci kwishishini lokutya laseTshayina ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu nokukhula.
2. Ishishini lokutya lijikeleza, lengingqi, nelihlala ixesha elithile
(1) Ummandla
Imimandla yemveliso yeshishini lokutya laseTshayina ineempawu ezithile zengingqi, ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo: okokuqala, iTshayina inommandla omkhulu, kwaye kukho umahluko omkhulu kwiintlobo zezityalo kunye nesivuno sengqolowa esityalwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ukutya okuxinisiweyo kunye nokutya okuxutyiweyo kwangaphambili kwenza inxalenye enkulu emantla, ngelixa ukutya okudityanisiweyo kusetyenziswa kakhulu emazantsi; Okwesibini, ishishini lokutya linxulumene kakhulu neshishini lokufuya iintlanzi, kwaye ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokutya kunye neentlobo zokuzalela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kukwakho umahluko wengingqi ekutyeni. Umzekelo, kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, ukulima iintlanzi yindlela ephambili, ngelixa eMantla-mpuma naseMantla-ntshona eTshayina, kukho izilwanyana ezininzi ezifuyelwa iinkomo neegusha; Okwesithathu, ukhuphiswano kwishishini lokutya laseTshayina luqatha kakhulu, kunye nomda wenzuzo epheleleyo ephantsi, izinto eziluhlaza ezintsonkothileyo nezihlukeneyo, imvelaphi eyahlukileyo, kunye nomgama omfutshane wokuthutha. Ke ngoko, ishishini lokutya lisebenzisa kakhulu imodeli "yokusekwa kwefektri yesizwe, ulawulo oludibeneyo, kunye nokusebenza kwendawo". Ngamafutshane, ishishini lokutya eTshayina libonisa iimpawu ezithile zengingqi.
(2) Ukuphindaphinda kwexesha
Izinto ezichaphazela ishishini lokutya ziquka iinkalo ezininzi, ikakhulu eziquka izinto eziluhlaza ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwishishini lokutya, ezifana nombona kunye neembotyi zesoya, kunye nomgangatho osezantsi kwishishini lokutya, elinxulumene kakhulu nokufuywa kwezilwanyana zesizwe. Phakathi kwazo, izinto eziluhlaza ezikumgangatho ophezulu zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezichaphazela ishishini lokutya.
Amaxabiso ezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu njengemibona kunye neembotyi zesoya kwiindawo eziphezulu axhomekeke ekutshintsheni okuthile kwiimarike zasekhaya nezangaphandle, kwiimeko zamazwe ngamazwe, kunye neemeko zemozulu, ezichaphazela iindleko zoshishino lwezondlo kwaye emva koko zichaphazela amaxabiso ezondlo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kwixesha elifutshane, iindleko zokutya kunye namaxabiso nazo ziya kutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo. Uluhlu lweshishini lezolimo zasemanzini olusezantsi luphenjelelwa zizinto ezifana nezifo zezilwanyana kunye namaxabiso emarike, kwaye kukwakho nomlinganiselo othile wokuguquguquka kwimpahla kunye nokuthengiswa, okuchaphazela imfuno yeemveliso zokutya ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ke ngoko, kukho iimpawu ezithile ezijikelezayo kwishishini lezondlo kwixesha elifutshane.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwemigangatho yokuphila yabantu, imfuno yenyama yeproteni esemgangathweni nayo iyanda ngokuthe chu, kwaye ishishini lokutya liphela liye lagcina uphuhliso oluzinzileyo. Nangona kukho ukuguquguquka okuthile kwimfuno yokutya ngenxa yezifo zezilwanyana ezisezantsi ezifana ne-African swine fever, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ishishini lokutya liphela alinawo amaxesha acacileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ukuxinana kweshishini lokutya kuye kwanda ngakumbi, kwaye amashishini aphambili kushishino alandela ngokusondeleyo utshintsho kwimfuno yemarike, elungisa ngokukhutheleyo amaqhinga emveliso kunye nokuthengisa, kwaye anokungenelwa kukukhula okuzinzileyo kwimfuno yemarike.
(3) Ixesha lonyaka
Kukho umoya wenkcubeko onamandla ngexesha leeholide eTshayina, ingakumbi ngexesha leeholide ezifana neNtwasahlobo, iDragon Boat Festival, iMid Autumn Festival, kunye neNational Day. Imfuno yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zenyama ngabantu nayo iya kwanda. Amashishini okuzala adla ngokwandisa uluhlu lwawo lwezinto kwangaphambili ukuze akwazi ukumelana nokwanda kwemfuno ngexesha leeholide, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimfuno ephezulu yokutya ngaphambi kweholide. Emva kweholide, imfuno yabathengi bemfuyo, iinkukhu, inyama, kunye neentlanzi iya kuncipha, kwaye lonke ishishini lezolimo zasemanzini nalo liya kusebenza kancinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukutya kungathathi xesha. Kwimibhiyozo yehagu, ngenxa yemibhiyozo edla ngokubakho kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, ihlala ilixesha eliphambili lemfuno yokutya, imveliso, kunye nokuthengiswa.
3. Imeko yokubonelela kunye nemfuno kwishishini lokutya
Ngokutsho kwe-"China Feed Industry Yearbook" kunye ne-"National Feed Industry Statistics" ezikhutshwe yi-National Feed Industry Office kule minyaka idlulileyo, ukususela ngo-2018 ukuya ku-2022, imveliso yokutya kwemizi-mveliso yaseTshayina inyuke ukusuka kwi-227.88 yezigidi zeetoni ukuya kwi-302.23 yezigidi zeetoni, kunye nezinga lokukhula kwe-compound yonyaka eliyi-7.31%.
Ngokwembono yeentlobo zokutya, umlinganiselo wokutya okudityanisiweyo ngowona uphezulu kwaye ugcina umkhwa wokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ukusukela ngo-2022, umlinganiselo wokuveliswa kokutya okudityanisiweyo kwimveliso yokutya iyonke yi-93.09%, nto leyo ebonisa umkhwa okhulayo. Oku kunxulumene kakhulu nenkqubo yokwandisa imveliso yeshishini lezolimo zaseTshayina. Ngokubanzi, amashishini amakhulu okufuya iintlanzi adla ngokuthenga izithako zokutya ezipheleleyo nezithe ngqo, ngelixa abalimi abancinci besonga iindleko zokulima ngokuthenga ii-premixes okanye ii-concentrate kwaye bazicubungule ukuze bavelise ukutya kwabo. Ingakumbi emva kokuqhambuka komkhuhlane weengulube eAfrika, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngakumbi ukhuseleko lwebhayoloji lweefama zeengulube, amashishini okufuya iingulube adla ngokuthenga iimveliso zefomula yeengulube ngendlela enye, endaweni yokuthenga ii-premixes kunye nezinto ezidityanisiweyo zokucubungula kwindawo.
Ukutya kweehagu kunye nokutya kweenkukhu zezona ntlobo ziphambili kwisakhiwo semveliso yokutya yaseTshayina. Ngokwe "China Feed Industry Yearbook" kunye ne "National Feed Industry Statistical Data" ezikhutshwe yi-National Feed Industry Office kule minyaka idlulileyo, imveliso yeentlobo zokutya kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokufuya eTshayina ukususela ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2022.
4. Inqanaba lobugcisa kunye neempawu zoshishino lokutya
Ishishini lokutya lisoloko liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezolimo zanamhlanje, likhokela utshintsho kunye nokuphuculwa kwekhonkco leshishini lemfuyo ngokusebenzisa ubuchule. Ngenxa yemizamo yeshishini, i-academia, kunye nophando, ishishini lokutya liye lakhuthaza ngakumbi uphuhliso lwezolimo oluzinzileyo kwiindawo ezifana nokuvelisa ifomula, ukondla ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwee-antibiotics. Kwangaxeshanye, liye lakhuthaza ulwazi kunye nobukrelekrele beshishini lokutya kwizixhobo zemveliso kunye neenkqubo, linika amandla ikhonkco leshishini lokutya ngetekhnoloji yedijithali.
(1) Inqanaba lobugcisa lefomyula yokutya
Ngokukhawuleziswa kokuphuculwa kwezolimo kunye nobunzulu bophando lokutya, ukuphucula ulwakhiwo lwefomyula yokutya kube yeyona nto iphambili ekukhuphisana ngayo amashishini okuvelisa ukutya. Uphando malunga nezithako ezintsha zokutya kunye nokutshintshwa kwazo lube yindlela yophuhliso lweshishini, lukhuthaza ukwahlukahlukana kunye nesondlo esichanekileyo solwakhiwo lwefomyula yokutya.
Ixabiso lokutya yeyona nto iphambili kwiindleko zokufuya, kwaye izinto ezikrwada ezininzi ezifana nomgubo wombona kunye nesoya nazo zezona zinto ziphambili kwiindleko zokutya. Ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada zokutya ezifana nomgubo wombona kunye nesoya, kunye nokuxhomekeka okuphambili ekungenisweni kweesoya, ukufumana ezinye iindlela zokutya ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko zokutya kuye kwaba yindlela yophando kumashishini. Amashishini okutya asekelwe kwiindawo zokuvelisa ezinye izinto ezikrwada kunye neenzuzo zejografi zamashishini okutya, izisombululo ezahlukeneyo ezizezinye nazo zingasetyenziswa. Ngokuphathelele ukutshintshwa kwee-antibiotic, ngokuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji, ukusetyenziswa kweeoyile ezibalulekileyo zezityalo, ii-probiotics, amalungiselelo e-enzyme, kunye nee-probiotics kuyanda. Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini oshishino nawo aqhubeka nokwenza uphando kwiinkqubo zokudibanisa ii-antibiotic, ekhuthaza ukufunxwa kwezondlo kuzo zonke iinkalo ngokusebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezongezo, kwaye efezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo zokutshintshwa.
Okwangoku, amashishini aphambili okutya kwishishini enze inkqubela phambili enkulu kwicandelo lokutshintshwa kwezinto eziluhlaza ngobuninzi, kwaye anokuphendula ngempumelelo kutshintsho lwamaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza ngokutshintshwa kwezinto eziluhlaza; Ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo ezilwa neentsholongwane kuye kwaphucuka, kodwa kusekho ingxaki yokulungisa indibaniselwano yezongezo okanye ukutya kokugqibela ukuze kufunyanwe isondlo esifanelekileyo sokutya.
5. Iindlela zoPhuhliso lweShishini lokuTya
(1) Ubungakanani kunye notshintsho olunzulu kunye nokuphuculwa kweshishini lokutya
Okwangoku, ukhuphiswano kwishishini lokutya luya lusanda, kwaye amashishini amakhulu okucubungula ukutya abonise iingenelo ezinkulu zokhuphiswano kuphando nophuhliso lwefomula yokutya, ulawulo lweendleko zokuthengwa kwezinto eziluhlaza, ulawulo lomgangatho wemveliso yokutya, ukuthengiswa kunye nokwakhiwa kwenkqubo yophawu, kunye neenkonzo ezilandelayo. NgoJulayi 2020, ukuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo komthetho wokulwa nobhubhane kunye nokunyuka okuqhubekayo kwamaxabiso ezinto ezinkulu zokutya ezifana nomgubo wombona kunye nesoya kuye kwachaphazela kakhulu amashishini amancinci naphakathi okucubungula ukutya, Umyinge wenzuzo iyonke yoshishino uyancipha, uqhubeka ucinezela indawo yokusinda kwamashishini amancinci naphakathi okuvelisa ukutya. Amashishini amancinci naphakathi okuvelisa ukutya aya kuphuma kancinci kancinci kwimarike, kwaye amashishini amakhulu aya kuhlala kwindawo engakumbi yemarike.
(2) Ukuphucula iifomyula ngokuqhubekayo
Ngenxa yokwanda kolwazi ngemisebenzi yezinto eziluhlaza kushishino kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweenkcukacha-lwazi zokuzalisa ezisezantsi, ukuchaneka kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso iifomyula zeshishini lokutya zihlala ziphucuka. Kwangaxeshanye, imeko-bume yentlalo neyoqoqosho kunye nokwanda kwemfuno yabathengi yabantu nazo zihlala zinyanzela amashishini efomyula yokutya ukuba acinge ngokhuseleko olungaphezulu kokusingqongileyo olunekhabhoni ephantsi, ukuphuculwa komgangatho wenyama, kunye nezithako ezongezelelweyo ezisebenzayo xa kusenziwa iifomyula. Ukutya okuneproteni ephantsi, ukutya okusebenzayo, kunye nezinye iimveliso zokutya zihlala ziziswa kwimarike, Ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweefomyula kumela ulwalathiso lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo kushishino lokutya.
(3) Ukuphucula amandla okuqinisekisa izinto zokutya ezikrwada kunye nokulawula iindleko zokutya
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso ziquka ikakhulu izinto ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni okuluhlaza okomvu kunye nomgubo wesoya weproteni. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ulwakhiwo lweshishini lokutyala laseTshayina luye lwatshintsha kancinci kancinci, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile luphucula ukuzimela kwezinto ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni okuluhlaza okomvu. Nangona kunjalo, imeko yangoku yezinto ezisetyenziswa kwimveliso yeproteni yaseTshayina ezixhomekeke kakhulu ekungenisweni kwempahla isakhona, kwaye ukungaqiniseki kwemeko yamazwe ngamazwe kubeka iimfuno eziphezulu kumandla eshishini lokutya ukuqinisekisa izinto ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni okuluhlaza. Ukuphucula amandla okuqinisekisa izinto ezisetyenziswa ekutyeni okuluhlaza lukhetho olungenakuphepheka lokuzinzisa amaxabiso okutya kunye nomgangatho.
Ngelixa ikhuthaza uhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo seshishini lokutyala laseTshayina kunye nokuphucula ngokuphakathi ukuzimela kwalo, ishishini lokutya likhuthaza ukwahlukahlukana kweentlobo ezivela kwamanye amazwe kunye nemithombo yezinto zokutya zeproteni, njengokuhlola ngenkuthalo amandla okubonelela amazwe akufutshane "neBelt and Road" kunye namanye amazwe ukuze kuphuculwe iindawo zokugcina ukubonelela, ukuqinisa ukujonga, uvavanyo kunye nesilumkiso kwangethuba kwimeko yokubonelela kunye nemfuno yezinto zokutya ezimhlophe zamaqanda, kunye nokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo irhafu, ukulungiswa kwesabelo kunye nezinye iindlela zokuqonda isantya sokungeniswa kwezinto eziluhlaza. Kwangaxeshanye, siya kuqinisa rhoqo ukukhuthazwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezintsha zesondlo sokudla ekhaya, kwaye sikhuthaze ukunciphisa inani lezinto eziluhlaza zeproteni ezongezwe kwiifomyula zokutya; Ukuqinisa ireyithingi yetekhnoloji yokutshintsha izinto eziluhlaza, kunye nokusebenzisa ingqolowa, irhasi, njl. njl. ukutshintsha izinto eziluhlaza ngokusekelwe ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wokutya. Ukongeza kwizinto zokutya zemveli, ishishini lokutya liyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa amandla okusetyenziswa kokutya kwezixhobo zolimo nezecala, njengokuxhasa ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokomiswa kwezityalo ezifana neebhatata ezimnandi kunye ne-cassava, kunye neemveliso zezolimo ezifana neziqhamo nemifuno, iilee, kunye nezinto ezisisiseko; Ngokuqhuba ukubiliswa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokususwa kwetyhefu emzimbeni kwiimveliso ezingasemva kokulungiswa kwembewu yeoyile, umxholo wezinto ezichasene nezondlo kwimithombo yezolimo kunye neyasecaleni uncitshiswa rhoqo, umgangatho weproteni uyaphuculwa, uze emva koko uguqulwe ube zizinto zokutya ezilungele imveliso yemizi-mveliso, nto leyo ephucula ngokupheleleyo amandla okuqinisekisa ukutya okuluhlaza.
(4) 'Imveliso+Inkonzo' iya kuba yenye yezona zinto ziphambili zokukhuphisana kwamashishini okuphakela ukutya
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ulwakhiwo lweshishini lezolimo zasemanzini olusezantsi kwishishini lezondlo luye lwatshintsha rhoqo, kunye nabanye abalimi abakhululekileyo kunye namashishini amancinci ezolimo zasemanzini bephucuka kancinci kancinci ukuya kwiifama zanamhlanje zeentsapho ezikumgangatho ophakathi okanye bephuma kwimarike. Ukwehla kweshishini lezondlo kubonisa umkhwa wokukhula, kwaye isabelo semarike seefama ezinkulu zezolimo zasemanzini, kuquka neefama zanamhlanje zeentsapho, sikhula kancinci kancinci. Imveliso+Inkonzo "ibhekisa kwimveliso ekhethekileyo kunye nokubonelelwa kweemveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zobuqu zabathengi ngamashishini ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zawo. Ngokuxinana okwandayo kweshishini lezolimo zasemanzini elisezantsi, iimodeli ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ziye zaba yindlela ebalulekileyo yokutsala abathengi abakhulu bezolimo zasemanzini abasezantsi.
Kwinkqubo yenkonzo, amashishini okutya alungiselela isicwangciso senkonzo yemveliso eyahlukileyo equka uhlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo kunye nokuphuculwa kwesondlo kunye nolawulo olukwindawo kumthengi omnye ngokusekelwe kwizixhobo zabo zehardware, iijini zomhlambi weehagu, kunye nemeko yempilo. Ukongeza kwimveliso yokondla ngokwayo, isicwangciso kufuneka sikhatshwe ziikhosi ezifanelekileyo, uqeqesho, kunye neengcebiso ukunceda abathengi bokufuya abasezantsi ekutshintsheni ngokubanzi ukusuka kwisoftware kunye nehardware, ukufezekisa ukuphuculwa kokondla, ukuthintela ubhubhane, ukuzala, ukubulala iintsholongwane, ukhathalelo lwempilo, ukuthintela izifo kunye nokulawula, kunye namanyathelo okunyanga amdaka.
Kwixesha elizayo, iinkampani zokutya ziya kubonelela ngezisombululo ezitshintshayo ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo kunye neendawo ezibuhlungu zamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini aya kusebenzisa idatha yomsebenzisi ukuseka iidathabheyisi zawo, ukuqokelela ulwazi oluquka ukwakheka kwezondlo, iziphumo zokutya, kunye nendawo yokuzalela, ukuhlalutya ngcono izinto ezikhethwayo kunye neemfuno zokwenyani zabalimi, kunye nokuphucula ukunamathela kwabathengi kwamashishini okutya.
(5) Imfuno yeeproteni ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye neemveliso zemfuyo kunye neenkukhu ezisebenzayo iyaqhubeka nokukhula
Ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwemigangatho yokuphila yabemi baseTshayina, imfuno yeeproteni ezisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye neemveliso zemfuyo kunye neenkukhu ezisebenzayo iye yanda minyaka le, njengenyama yenkomo, yemvu, yentlanzi kunye ne-shrimp, kunye nenyama yehagu engenamafutha. Ngexesha lengxelo, imveliso yokutya kwezilwanyana ezitya inyama kunye nokutya kwasemanzini eTshayina iqhubekile nokukhula, igcina izinga lokukhula eliphezulu.
(6) Ukutya kwezinto eziphilayo yenye yemizi-mveliso esakhasayo eTshayina
Ukutya kwebhayoloji yenye yemizi-mveliso esakhasayo eTshayina. Ukutya kwebhayoloji kubhekisa kwiimveliso zokutya eziphuhliswe ngobuchwepheshe bebhayoloji ezifana nobunjineli bokubila, ubunjineli be-enzyme, kunye nobunjineli beproteni yezinto zokutya eziluhlaza kunye nezongezo, kubandakanya ukutya okubilisiweyo, ukutya kwe-enzymatic, kunye nezongezo zokutya kwebhayoloji. Okwangoku, ishishini lokutya lingene kwixesha lamanyathelo apheleleyo okulwa nobhubhane, kunye namaxabiso aphezulu ezinto zokutya zendabuko kunye nokulungiswa kwesifo seengulube saseAfrika kunye nezinye izifo. Uxinzelelo kunye nemingeni ejongene neshishini lokutya kunye nokulima amachibi asezantsi iyanda imihla ngemihla. Iimveliso zokutya ezibilisiweyo zebhayoloji ziye zaba yindawo ephambili yophando lwehlabathi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwicandelo lokufuya izilwanyana ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo ekuququzeleleni uphuhliso lwezixhobo zokutya, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokutya kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana, kunye nokuphucula imeko-bume yendalo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kuluhlu lweshishini lokutya kwezinto eziphilayo busekwe kancinci kancinci, kwaye kuye kwenziwa iinkqubela phambili ekuzaleni iintsholongwane, iinkqubo zokubilisa ukutya, izixhobo zokucubungula, iifomyula zesondlo esongezelelweyo, kunye nonyango lomgquba. Kwixesha elizayo, phantsi kwemvelaphi yokuthintelwa nokutshintshwa kwee-antibiotics, ukukhula kokutya kwezinto eziphilayo kuya kuba ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi. Kwangaxeshanye, ishishini lokutya kufuneka liseke isiseko sedatha yokutya okubilisiweyo kunye nenkqubo yokuvavanya ukusebenza kakuhle ehambelanayo, lisebenzise i-biotechnology ukujonga ngokuguquguqukayo, kwaye lixhobise ngeenkqubo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ukutya kwezinto eziphilayo ezisemgangathweni ngakumbi.
(7) Uphuhliso oluluhlaza, olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, noluzinzileyo
"Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu se-14" siphinda sicacise isicwangciso sophuhliso lweshishini "sokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluluhlaza kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhlalisana ngokuhambelanayo phakathi kwabantu nendalo". "Iingcamango ezikhokelayo malunga nokukhawulezisa ukuSekwa kunye nokuPhuculwa kweNkqubo yoQoqosho oluHlaza kunye noluPhantsi lweKhabhoni" ekhutshwe yiBhunga likaRhulumente ikwabonisa ukuba ukuseka nokuphucula inkqubo yoqoqosho olujikeleza uluhlaza kunye noluphanzi lwekhabhoni sisicwangciso esisisiseko sokusombulula iingxaki zezixhobo zaseTshayina, okusingqongileyo kunye nendalo. Izityalo eziluhlaza, ezinekhabhoni ephantsi, kunye nokusingqongileyo "ziyindlela ebalulekileyo yokuba amashishini okutya afikelele kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo ngokwenene, kwaye yenye yeendawo apho ishishini lokutya liza kuqhubeka ligxile kuzo kwixesha elizayo. Imithombo yongcoliseko enganyangwanga kwiifama zokufuya iintlanzi inemiphumo ethile emibi kwindalo esingqongileyo, kwaye umthombo ophambili wongcoliseko kwiifama zokufuya iintlanzi yindle yezilwanyana, equlethe inani elikhulu lezinto eziyingozi ezifana ne-ammonia kunye ne-hydrogen sulfide. Izinto ezinobungozi ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla zingcolisa amanzi kunye nomhlaba ngokusebenzisa i-ecosystem, kwaye zinokuchaphazela nempilo yabathengi. Ukutya, njengomthombo wokufuya izilwanyana, yindawo ephambili ekunciphiseni ungcoliseko lwezilwanyana zasemanzini. Iinkampani zokufuya eziphambili kwishishini ziyila ngenkuthalo inkqubo yokufanisa izondlo zesayensi neyolinganiselayo, kwaye ziphucula ukugaywa kokutya kwezilwanyana ngokongeza iioyile ezibalulekileyo zezityalo, amalungiselelo e-enzyme, kunye namalungiselelo e-microecological kwisondlo, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezinempembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo njengendle, i-ammonia, kunye ne-phosphorus. Kwixesha elizayo, amashishini okufuya aya kuqhubeka nokwakha amaqela ophando ochwephesha ukuze aphande kwaye aphuhlise i-biotechnology yanamhlanje, efumana ulungelelwaniso phakathi koluhlaza, ikhabhoni ephantsi kunye nolawulo lweendleko.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Novemba-10-2023